考研题，考研题库网
为了让大家第一时间看到优质考研内容
千万！千万！千万！
记得【星标】或【置顶】考研外刊阅读
每晚20:00，外刊君陪你考研
中国高翻团队倾力之作
全文字数：1824字
阅读时间：17分钟
上期翻译答案
The Industrial Revolutionendedthe “putting-out system”, (in which companies obtained raw materials but outsourced manufacturing to self-employed craftsmen who worked at home and were paid by output).
工业革命结束了“散工制”，即企业获取原材料，但将生产外包给个体手工业者，他们在家工作，按件计酬。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
Incorporating more natural elements in urban landscapes is a growing management solution for the planet’s increasing climate hazards. Rain gardens, green roofs and landscapeddrainageditches are all examples of what’s known as green infrastructure, and are used to manage stormwater and mitigate risks like flooding and extreme heat. These strategies sometimes double as a community resource, such as a recreational space.
在城市景观中融入更多的自然元素是应对地球愈演愈烈的气候危害的一种日渐增多的管理解决策略。雨水花园、绿色屋顶和景观排水沟都是绿色基础设施的例子，绿色基础设施的作用是处理雨水，减轻洪涝、极端高温等灾害的风险。这些对策有时还可以作为一种社区资源，例如变成一个娱乐的空间。
But a major problem with green infrastructure is that the planning processes for the projects often fail to consider equity andinclusion, says Timon McPhearson, an urban ecologist and director of the Urban Systems Lab in New York City, which researches how to build more equitable, resilient and sustainable cities. Without an eye on equity, plans might exclude those most vulnerable to climate disasters, which typically include low-income communities or minority groups.
城市生态学家、纽约市城市系统实验室（研究如何建设更公平、恢复力更高、更可持续的城市）主任丁门·麦克费森说，绿色基础设施的一个主要问题在于，项目规划过程中通常没有考虑公平性和包容性。如果没有关注公平性，规划可能会把那些最容易受到气候灾害影响的群体排除在外，这些群体通常包括低收入社区或少数群体。
There has been talk of fostering equity and inclusion in urban planning for some time, McPhearson says, but he wanted to know if there had been anyfollow-through. After analyzing 122 formal plans from 20 major U.S. cities, including Atlanta, Detroit and Sacramento, he and colleagues found that most government-affiliated green infrastructure plans are falling short. The researchers focused on plans produced or directly supervised by city governments, as non-profit organizations tend to be more inclusive, the study says.
麦克费森表示，对城市规划中建立公平性和包容性的讨论已经有一段时间了，但他想知道是否有任何后跟进措施。在分析了包括亚特兰大、底特律和萨克拉门托在内的美国二十大城市的122个正式计划后，他和同事们发现，大多数隶属于政府的绿色基础设施计划都做得不足。研究报告表示，鉴于非盈利机构往往更具有包容性，研究人员关注的是由城市政府制定或直接监管的规划项目。
Over 90 percent of plans didn’t use inclusive processes to design or implement green infrastructure projects, meaning communities targeted for upgrades often didn’t have a chance to weigh in with their needs throughout the process. What’s more, only 10 percent of plans identified causes of inequality and vulnerability in their communities. That matters because without acknowledging the roots of injustices, planners are unable to potentially address them in future projects.
翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~不止如此，只有10%的规划明确了造成其社区不公平且脆弱不堪的原因。这很重要，因为如果没有认识到不公正的根本原因，规划者就无法在未来的项目中潜在解决这些问题。
One reason behind poor urban planning practices is a lack of recognition that infrastructure can be harmful, says Yvette Lopez-Ledesma. For instance, when cities build stormwaterchannelsbut not bridges, locals are left without a way to safely cross. City planners also often lack the training and education to implement more inclusive methods.
Yvette Lopez-Ledesma说，城市规划实践不佳背后的一个原因是缺乏对基础设施可能有害的认知。例如，当城市建造雨水渠而不是桥梁时，当地人就没有安全通过的办法。城市规划者也往往缺乏培训和教育来落实更具包容性的方法。
But there’s hope. The researchers identified three areas that need more work. First, city planners need to clearly define equity and justice in planning documents to help guide their work. They also need to change planning practices to focus on inclusion by keeping communities informed and supporting their participation throughout the planning, decision-making and implementation processes. And plans need to address current and potential causes of inequality.
但还有希望解决。研究人员明确了三个最需要开展更多工作的领域。首先，城市规划者需要在规划文件中明确定义公平和正义，来帮助指导他们的工作。他们还需要改变实施规划的做法，在整个规划、决策、实施过程中让社区保持知情，支持他们参与其中，以此来关注包容性问题。而且，规划需要解决当前和潜在的不平等的原因。
本文节选自：Science News（科学新闻网）
发布时间：2023.02.06
作者：Jude Coleman
原文标题：Many plans for green infrastructure risk leaving vulnerable people out
词汇积累
1. drainage
/ˈdreɪnɪdʒ/
n. 排水系统; 排水，污水
2. inclusion
/ɪnˈkluːʒən/
n. 包含，包括; 包含物，包括的人; 认同感，归属感
3. channel
/ˈtʃænəl/
n. 电视频道; 管道，通道；渠道，手段; 信道
v. 引导，把……用于; 输送，传送; 通灵; 努力赶上，受启发; 形成凹槽
词组搭配
1.follow through 跟进措施；坚持到底
写作句总结
But a major problem with green infrastructure is that the planning processes for the projects often fail to consider equity and inclusion.
结构：But a major problem with … is that the planning processes for the projects often fail to consider equity and inclusion.
…的一个主要问题在于，项目规划过程中通常没有考虑公平性和包容性。
例句：But a major problem with general community competition is that the planning processes for the projects often fail to consider equity and inclusion.
打卡作业
在草稿纸上翻译文章中的划线句，完成每日的打卡练习！下期推送会公布参考翻译答案，大家一起来学习英语吧~
外刊君为同学们汇总了《经济学人》，戳码回复“J88”，下载pdf源文件。
（戳码回复“J88”）
点击领取1998-2021经济人学杂志PDF，附双语版+词汇
• END •
排版/外刊君
图片/来源网络
中国高翻小组
考研题(考研题库网)